Current Voltage Solar Cell
Materials with a pn -junction show a nonlinear, rectifying characteristic, since it is much easier to move electrons from the electrode through the p -type region and through the junction than from the n -type region over the junction barrier into the p -type region.
A pn junction with light, showing the quasi-Fermi levels and their connection to the electrodes, with V the applied voltage and V bi the built-in voltage. Close to the metal surface enhanced surface recombination will cause both quasi-Fermi levels to collapse.
Whenever the current-voltage characteristic extends into the fourth quadrant, electric power can be extracted. Its maximum value is given by the largest rectangle that can be inscribed in the characteristic. This identifies the maximum power current, j mp and the maximum power voltage V mp .
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