A steam turbine is a mechanical device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam, and converts it into rotary motion. Its modern manifestation was invented by Sir Charles Parsons in 1884.
This type of formation is called a "dry steam" power plant because the steam is released from the pressure of a deep reservoir, through a rock catcher, and then past the power generator turbines. Many early geothermal projects, such as The Geysers dry steam power plant in Northern California, depend on high temperature steam formations to directly provide the energy to drive power generator turbines.
Binary cycle power plant is a type of geothermal power plant that allows cooler geothermal reservoirs to be used than with dry steam and flash steam plants.
Hydrothermal vent is a fissure in a planet's surface from which geothermally heated water issues. Hydrothermal vents are commonly found near volcanically active places, areas where tectonic plates are moving apart, ocean basins, and hotspots. Hydrothermal vents exist because the earth is both geologically active and has large amounts of water on its surface and within its crust. Common land types include hot springs, fumaroles and geysers.
Thermal energy is the part of the total, internal energy of a thermodynamic system or sample of matter that results in the system's temperature. The internal energy, also often called the thermodynamic energy, includes other forms of energy in a thermodynamic system in addition to thermal energy, namely forms of potential energy, such as the chemical energy stored in its molecular structure and electronic configuration, intermolecular interactions, and the nuclear energy that binds the sub-atomic particles of matter.