Distribution Network Electricity System

Distribution Network Electricity

Power centers are generally located far from load centers. The electrical energy generated is channeled through the central generation transmission network. Relatively low voltage generators (6 kV - 24 kV). Then this voltage to the power transformer dinaikin with higher voltages between 150 kV - 500 kV. The purpose of this voltage increase, in addition mempebesar conductivity of the channel (directly proportional to the square of voltage).

also to minimize power losses and shrinkage of the voltage on the transmission line. Drop in voltage from high voltage / extra high prior to the consumer be done twice. The first was performed at substations (GIs), lowering the voltage from 500 kV to 150 kV or 150 kV to 70 kV. The second was done at distribution substations from 150 kV to 70 kV or 70 kV to 20kV. Power lines from power generation source to the final transformer, often referred to as a transmission channel, while the last of the transformer, until the last customer called primary distribution channel or channels. There are two kinds of channel transmission / distribution General station airways (overhead lines) and cable lines underground (underground cable).

Voltage distribution systems can be grouped into two major parts, namely the distribution of primary (20kV) and secondary distribution (380/220V). 20kV distribution network is often called a Medium Voltage Distribution System and 380/220V distribution networks are often called secondary distribution network or the Network is called Low Voltage 380/220V.

Radial distribution system with the pattern of distribution system is the most simple and economical. In this system there are several feeders that supply some of the radial distribution substations.

However, the reliability of this system is lower than with other systems. The lack of reliability because there is only one main line that supplies the distribution substation, so that when the main line is susceptible to interference, then the entire substation will come out.

Radial Distribution System

Another disadvantage is the quality of the voltage at the far end of distribution substations is not good, this is because the voltage drop was biggest tip of the channel.

These systems have at least two feeders at once with the addition of Automatic Change Over Switch / Automatic Transfer Switch, each connected to a substation feeders special customers so that if one of the feeders experiencing disruption of power supply will be moved to other feeders.